Optimisation is a process of reaching the best output whilst minimising the use of resources. Engineers use this process to design products which yield the best performance for the least cost.
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Taking an example of a mechanical system, performance may vary by changing one of many input parameters. Thus in the design optimisation process, the first step is to correlate input and output parameters by performing sensitivity analysis to determine the key parameters which greatly influence performance.
The next step is to understand a particular response of the system due to a variation of key variables. This is done by firstly performing a design of experiment (DOE) study to develop a response surface. Next a goal driven optimisation analysis is performed, to determine the best possible values of input parameters to reach a design which achieves the multiple goals of system outputs, thus leading to an optimum system design.
Systems might also have uncertain input parameters (such as ambient temperature which changes over time, or a material property) which adds uncertainty to performance. In such a scenario a six sigma analysis can be performed to assess and account for effects on system arising due to such uncertainties. Consider an example as shown in figure below. Here output varies along Y axis with the input over X axis. With same ?x change in value of X, point A denotes the optimum value of Y but point B denotes a more robust value of Y as it is more stable over the entire region of ?x variation of X.
Traditionally, optimisation of products has been performed only after a deep understanding gained over years of experience. But today engineers have started using such optimisation tools at the concept design phase to develop best designs faster.
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“Compared to typical trial-and-error development methods used in our industry, we reduced the number of cost and time intensive prototypes using ANSYS.”
Norbert Schramm
Chemnitz University of Technology
“Ocean-going merchant ships are slammed by natural forces and loads generated by complex FSI. We use software from ANSYS at the start of the design process to identify vibration and other problems early on and make changes to get the design right the first time.”
Dirim Sener, Planning Director Delta
Marine Engineering Co.
